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Optical Encoders
Frequently Asked Questions
Optical Encoder is a motion-sensing device that operates based on the interruption of light. It uses a light source and a photosensitive detector to convert a linear position to an electrical signal.
All Optical Encoders include the same main components: a light source, a photodetector, and a multi slit disc. The light source, typically an LED, and the photodetector are placed on the opposite sides of the slit disk. As the disk rotates, the disk becomes transparent periodically as the slits of the disk line up along the light beam path. The encoder then converts these periodic light pulses into electrical pulses, which are then transmitted to a motion control system that feeds to the output channels. By knowing the distance between adjacent slits, the Optical Encoder’s output channels provide data on the measured signals' count, direction, and speed.
Optical Encoders are commonly used for robotics, medical and lab equipment, CNC machining, and a variety of other applications involving motion controls. The encoders can also be easily altered to provide desired application capabilities.
Yes, an Optical Encoder is an electro-mechanical motion sensor.
The accuracy of encoders is measured in arcseconds and varies for each type. Although Optical Encoders are always considered reliable, precise, and accurate devices, careless mistakes can degrade their accuracy through several error sources.
The two common classifications of Optical Encoders are “transmission type” and “reflection type”. Their grouping depends on the optical path taken by the light-absorbing component of the machine.
Optical Encoders offer better accuracy and higher resolution than magnetic encoder competitors, and they can be used in environments with strong magnetic fields. They are also highly immune to electrical interference from eddy currents, making them an excellent choice for electric circuits.
The cost of an Optical Encoder is highly dependent on the product’s size. The resolution and precision of an Optical Encoder rely on the detail of the slit disc. A larger disc means a larger machine, since these encoders offer higher precision they will therefore come at a higher price.
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